Week-3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week-3 - Essay Example Our company aims at improving the appearance of the business enterprises and houses of our customers. For instance, decoration of our customers’ homes through use of flowers is an efficient manner of conserving the environment, as well as improving the appearance of the homes and business premises of our clients. The main purpose of this company is profit maximization by insisting on the use of environment conservation methods of decorating homes (Tisdell, 19). In order to fulfill its purpose, the company has the following policies; 1. Hiring expert who have wide experience on decorating homes and premises by use of methods that are environment friendly. Recruitment shall be on a competitive basis, and the most qualified shall receive the job. 5. Encouraging innovation, in regards to waste products that are recyclable and can be used for decorative purposes. This is by providing incentives to our employees, and initiating a culture of innovation in our company. The company supplies energy saving bulbs, solar panels, and biological decorative products such as flowers, and seedlings of trees. Energy saving bulbs has an effect of creating a beautiful atmosphere in homes, without reducing efficiency depicted in traditional bulbs. By supplying solar panels to homes, and business enterprises, the organization targets the consumption of energy without polluting the environment. Solar panels can produce electric current, whose purposes are to light homes, and business premises. The company also supplies flowers which are used to decorate homes, providing a feeling of natural beauty (Tisdell, 21). The company is unique in the market because it emphasizes on the conservation of the environment as a key strategy in achieving customer satisfaction. On this basis, the company does not just view the current environment in which it operates at; it also concerns itself with the future

Islamic Architecture In Spain Cultural Studies Essay

Islamic Architecture In Spain Cultural Studies Essay Mean when one talk about the types and styles of architecture in parts of the globe, comes His mind quickly many pictures of the masterpieces of Muslim architecture in Andalusia They stayed there about eight centuries praise the architectural monuments, which are still .One of the biggest evidence of the greatness of their civilization in the continent of Europe. When the Muslims arrived in the Iberian Peninsula, was full of many of the effects Architecture that belong to different civilizations Romanian, some of these effects .Related posts religious and some of the post of defensive castles and forts, including those with the civilian job, theaters, bridges and so on. The dye Muslims open their cities distinctive Islamic character, and that the establishment of mosques, which are The core of the architecture of cities and expand, as the mosque becomes a center of cities over time and urban and heart beating SQ branch roads leading to the large doors City, and then branched out streets and alleys connecting the neighborhoods. Introduction: Architecture is a pot of civilization, which represents the cultural identity and synthesis, creative and aesthetic level of human beings. Able to Islamic architecture to move from a speculator in the countryside into the huts in the villages, then to the buildings and wild in the cities, carrying the features of a genuine, consistent with the requirements of rights and with the traditions and environment, and is characterized by Islamic art that there is a common unit collects so that it can identify any piece produced in Under the Islamic civilization in any country of the Islamic world. Islamic architecture are the characteristics of building used by Muslims to be the identity of them, Architecture arise because of Islam and in areas where it arrived as a Sham and the Maghreb, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, etc. In addition to the areas that had been ruled for long periods, such as al-Andalus (Spain now) and India. Affected by the properties of Islamic architecture and its characteristics significantly the Islamic religion and scientific renaissance that followed and differ from one region to another depending on the weather and the architectural and cultural legacy of the former in the region As well as see the evolution of form and function over time and changing political circumstances and living conditions and cultural rights of the population. In this study we know how Islam has a great affect on architecture in many countries as Spain, and see some examples of buildings that have effected by Islam, so, we will know the answer of our question which is how Islam affect architecture in Spain did? 2. Review of literature: Islamic architecture is a homogeneous architecture: According to (Sani , Rafooneh ,2009) Islamic architecture is a homogeneous architecture. Architecture as a method and a school of thought preferred to be in harmony with nature and the environment without deduct any of it but on the contrary, with homogeneous components and complete harmony and balance. The early architectural thinking in humans is limited in the tradition, especially from the connotations surrounding environment or environmental factors, especially organic ones, such as simulation of the structure of the structural skeleton, or even simulates the animals when they work their homes and nests. Aristotle is considered that the reason for the emergence of art due to the existence of instinct of the human simulation, which has a social function which serves the convenience and entertainment. Andalusia impact of different scientific, architectural, artistic, durable radiation center of Islamic civilization since it strengthened the roots of Islamic rule, in particular, in the era of home by Prince Abd-Al- Rahman, who devoted his life to building an Islamic state in Andalusia. In his architecture began groping in religious buildings and civil rights. And is still in Spain to this day are vivid reminders of the sincerity of that movements major building and construction. The architectural and decorative elements make up the first seeds of Andalusian art, so I took a shine decoration in the Levant and Morocco, but also influenced the decoration of the nearby Christian. There is no doubt that the era of this architectural breakthrough recovered from such of the finest examples of Islamic architecture in the world but the middle Ages. Architecture is known to be a Great Spirit and represents the story of life. Islamic architecture is a creative spirit that changed from generation to another during the time depending on the tradition of time that they live So architecture I know to be a Great Spirit. Which from generation to generation, from age to age, proceeds, persists, creates, according to the nature of man, and his circumstances as they change. That is really architectureà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Lloyd Wright, In Brooks Pfeiffer Nordland 1988:7) Islamic architecture can tell us a story about life, some of architects use in their design stories from life, some use stories of our messenger and how he suffered a lot to spread Islam. We have developed the first architectural designs inspired by the designs that were prevalent in the land of Islam, which lasted an important landmark which inspired the artist in the Islamic era. This artist who became Muslim or stayed the religion, had been transferred traditions of architecture prevalent before Islam to Islamic architecture, and he himself had made before and after Islam, the role of architecture and the originator, or is the heir direct to the traditions of architecture, as Arabs were not Muslims conquistadores brought with them the foundations for Islamic architecture, it is of Islamic thought which grew and spread among the people after a century ago, was the basis for the concept of a new architectural, walked vigorously in the field of creativity and diversity, and has accompanied the evolution of Islamic thought, the emergence of thought beauty is in the studies of Brethren of Safa and al gahz and Twehedy and Ibn Khaldun and others. In the Orient, the Islami c Mongol Shah was the largest and its aftermath has been involved in supporting the development of thought, aesthetic, architectural creativity. Islamic architecture depends on the visual language and knowing the creation. According to (Gonzalez, Valà ©rie, 2001) There was a tradition of architectural most important traditions of Romanian and Byzantine Empire, which imposed its identity at least through the reuse of architectural elements in the temples and facilities, from the columns and capitals in the building of mosques first, such as the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Mosque of Damascus and the Mosque of Kairouan, Mosque of Cordoba and the Mosque of villagers in Fas.   But the conditions of the prayer in the mosques were the main reason to establish the concept of Islamic architecture; different from the previous architecture, the different functions, and different ideological affiliation. Thus, the minaret emerged to replace the tower bells, and the dome appeared to be crossing the architectural logo for the vault of heaven to the faithful, and has appeared niche habitat for decorations and creativity, and covered the walls of mosques and marble mosaics to cover the ancient stone recycled. Architectural elements in the palaces and mosques are in brackets and lintels and decorations Moot, as in the palaces Heer Palace bomber and Amra, as in the Qasr al-in all stucco, which was distributed in the palaces and mosques. Architecture is a machine and should be a thoughtful process. According to (Rasdi, Mohamad,2008) The second fact of Islamic architecture is the human scale, the purpose the foundation of the architecture, is to achieve tranquility and confidence to those who hold this architecture, whether public or private. The basic principle is the rights, needs and aspirations, and from the concatenation stages without that leave him at any stage of the project, Man needs a place to achieve comfort, security and happiness within the limits of efficiency. First, creates the same room requires windows enjoy it, superintending the scene of its own away from the curiosity of others , and noise pollution, and he had a inner courtyard surrounding the rooms again, and this became the yard its where trees and herbs and flowers, where pools of water, and had to be a corner shadowed meet the occupants home to enjoy the sight of this paradise wonderful founding hall, did not have to be decoration and ornament Notes brackets, doors, ceilings and walls to emphasize the meaning of architecture on the one hand, and in order to retain memories of the beautiful scenes and decorations that are known carved on the manuscripts and objects. The nature of Islam and Islamic architecture. According to to (Rasdi, Mohamad, 2008) , When the Muslims arrived in the Iberian Peninsula, was full of many of the effects Architecture that belong to different civilizations Kaloiperep Romanian, some of these effects ØŒ Related posts Kalmabid religious, and some of the post of defensive castles and forts. Muslims open their towns distinctive Islamic character, and that the establishment of mosques, which are The core of the architecture of cities and expand, as the mosque becomes a center of cities over time And urban and heart beating SQ branch roads leading to the large doors . City, and then branched out streets and alleys connecting the neighborhoods. . And around the courtyard of the mosque built markets and bathrooms, hotels, Qayshrb. And inside Mosque hold political meetings, and distributed army brigades, taught science . Religious and general sciences. Thus we find that the mosque had a positive impact on the lives of Community, political, economic and social development. The phenomenon was followed in the ØŒ Many of the cities that would be opened or Echttha Muslims in various parts of the globe, This is the case of Damascus, Alexandria, Cordoba, Seville, Toledo and others. It was Andalusia Bmatherha various scientific and architectural, artistic, Radiation center of Islamic civilization sustainable since strengthened the roots of Islamic rule Where, particularly in the era of home by Prince Abdul Rahman, who devoted his life to building . An Islamic state in Andalusia. Fbahdh architecture began groping in Religious buildings and civil rights. And is still in Andalusia to this day are vivid reminders of the sincerity of that movements major building and construction. The architectural and decorative elements make up the first seeds of Andalusian art, even Took decoration radiate in the Levant and Morocco, but affected the decoration of Christianity .Neighbors. There is no doubt that the era of this breakthrough architecture recovered from such of the finest Examples of Islamic architecture, but the world in the middle Ages. After that period any time the emirate, and its peak an era of Prince inside followed by a series Covenants on Andalusia, and all were paying close attention to art and appearances Architecture various civic, religious and defense. And still the list since those Ù†¡ Covenants vivid evidence of architectural distinction between Prince and elsewhere, and despite the lack of this Evidence known to the integrated construction in present-day Cordoba mosque, and red ØŒ Granada, Seville, and the Lighthouse Tower and the gold, but there are a lot of effects Andalusian scattered in cities and villages of Spain. But do not exaggerate if we say that Spanish architecture in most countries of central, western and southern Iberian Peninsula is Andalusian character readily recognizable through some of the architectural elements and decorative Related Islamic origin who are destined to evolve in Spain. 3. Methodology: Approach: The research approach adopted here is influenced by some examples for Islamic buildings that found in Spain that effected by old and modern Islamic architecture. Tools of Data collection: The main instruments of investigation in this study were by reading documents, academic journals and by taking some history lessons and we can use key informant collaboration. Procedures: Studying some examples of Islamic buildings in Spain such as: The Grand Mosque in Cordoba, Spain One of the most exciting established Muslims architectural works, and there are in Cordoba in Andalusia (Spain), This mosque is situated near the Guadalquivir River, and surrounded by, and all four sides of narrow alleyways, which is recognized by historians of European architecture summit peaks of architecture the world over the ages, The definitive guide to Alomwen skill in the art of engineering and architecture. Has now shifted to the church. Shot of interior The Rusafa palace in Cordoba, Spain It is a park, beautiful successors Almarwanyen, Aptnah Abd-AL-Rahman inside at the foot of Mount Cordoba, to entertain himself, he termed the Rusafa after the analogy of Rsafa grandfather in Damascus was built to compete with its shortcomings Eastern Manifa. This was the palace forum writers and the Forum poets. Rusafa palace in Cordoba Results: The data collected found that Islam has a great effect on buildings in Spain and many countries. Found that many architects use Islamic arts in their designing buildings. Discussion: In that research paper we have found that much of the literature on Islamic architecture in Spain and its relation to the results were found take high place, and that islam have many symbols and sign that found in buildings as Islamic architecture depend on visions Conclusion : Some difficulties were faced in this paper such as lack of information about Islamic architecture in spain as building were decreased their , so, other researcher should found more examples and information in that field

The Sweetest Thing and Coyote Ugly :: Synthesis Essays

The Sweetest Thing and Coyote Ugly Comedy / Romance movies deal with emotions in a variety of aspects. Overcoming your fears and getting what you want out of life is very important. In the movies The Sweetest Thing, written by Nancy Pimental, and Coyote Ugly, written by Gina Wendkos, both of the main characters are working towards overcoming their greatest fears while making their dreams come true. Even if doing this means making wrong decisions, it always becomes a good learning experience as long as you have friends to rely on. â€Å"First came the rules of love. Now comes the fun.† This quote is the tagline for the movie The Sweetest Thing. Christina Walters, played by Cameron Diaz, doesn’t know commitment. Christina and her friends read the book of love, but are just out to play the field. When she accidentally runs into the man of her dreams she blows him off. When she finally realizes that she is in love with him, Courtney Rockcliffe (Christina Applegate) and Christina take a road trip to get him back. Running into many disasters on the trip they end up walking in on Peter Donahue’s (Thomas Jane) wedding. Incredibly embarrassed, she miserably returns home. After making a complete fool out of herself, she still ends up getting what she wants out of life: A man to be committed to and a man to love. Finally, in the end, Peter realizes that he is in love with Christina. He goes to her apartment to apologize, and after she finally is able to overcome her fear of commitment, she takes him in, and they end up being very happy together. Violet Stanford (Piper Perabo), stared in the movie Coyote Ugly, is a song writer from a small town in New Jersey. She moved to New York to sell her music. She has too much stage fright to perform the songs herself, and is struggling to get her music heard because of her fear. Once her new apartment is broken into and everything is stolen, she is forced to get a job. She finds a bar and is hired to work not knowing what she is getting herself into. The bar is called Coyote Ugly. Five girls work in this bar dancing on the counters and serving drinks. She makes enough money to buy herself new equipment and finally gets some auditions.

Why Does Mankind Seem so Incurably Religious

Mary Beth Lindsey September 9, 2011 Intro to Religion Wagner Why does mankind seem so religious? There is a lot of influential reasoning that can attribute to religion because some of it is man-made and the other is a divine revelation. I think that no matter what, all humans yearn for a universal presence of some kind that is responsible for our existence. Religion is thought to fulfill deep individual needs of humanity. Humans is incurably religious because of the passing of generational opinions and beliefs, such as from churches and other religious sources and organizations, and also what we learn in schools, varying from Greek mythology to evolution and more. The argument from universal belief insists that every human being has an innate knowledge of God- a sense of the divine- that these clues or arguments simply confirm it. However, Roman 1 also insists that we have a tendency to suppress this, this innate knowledge of God, choosing instead to rebel against our Creator (Romans 1:19-23). I agree with this due to the actions of society. In addition, man has always sought to worship something or someone. In contrast, a nineteenth century socialist philosopher, Karl Marx, argued that religion emerged from economic frameworks a mean for oppressing people and maintaining an unjust economic system. In his view, religion is an opiate for the masses to keep them submissive and unquestions about their lot in life. I do not think that man would use the law for an economic system or some kind of punishment. We are taught in school about religion , now depending on the approach the teacher is trying to give off can influence the outcome or the intensity of students perception of religion , because teachers/professors teach our growing youth. Religion goes beyond facts in the form of faith which has a connection to the facts. All the while, we come up assumptions when we look at the facts to determine reasonable conclusions. Work Cited Page 1. The New English Bible. London. Oxford UP and Cambridge UP. 1970. 2. atheism. about. com/od/philosophyofreligion/a/marx. htm

M&A in India in Past Few Years Essay

Abstract The process of mergers and acquisitions has gained substantial importance in today’s corporate world. This process is extensively used for restructuring the business organizations. In India, the concept of mergers and acquisitions was initiated by the government bodies. Some well known financial organizations also took the necessary initiatives to restructure the corporate sector of India by adopting the mergers and acquisitions policies. The Indian economic reform since 1991 has opened up a whole lot of challenges both in the domestic and international spheres. The increased competition in the global market has prompted the Indian companies to go for mergers and acquisitions as an important strategic choice. The trends of mergers and acquisitions in India have changed over the years. The immediate effects of the mergers and acquisitions have also been diverse across the various sectors of the Indian economy. Till recent past, the incidence of Indian entrepreneurs acquiring foreign enterprises was not so common. The situation has undergone a sea change in the last couple of years. Acquisition of foreign companies by the Indian businesses has been the latest trend in the Indian corporate sector. The Indian IT and ITES sectors have already proved their potential in the global market. The other Indian sectors are also following the same trend. The increased participation of the Indian companies in the global corporate sector has further facilitated the merger and acquisition activities in India. The various factors that played their parts in facilitating the mergers and acquisitions in India are favorable government policies, buoyancy in economy, additional liquidity in the corporate sector, and dynamic attitudes of the Indian entrepreneurs are the key factors behind the changing trends of mergers and acquisitions in India. Even though mergers and acquisitions (M&A) have been an important element of corporate strategy all over the globe for several decades, research on M&As has not been able to provide conclusive evidence on whether they enhance efficiency or destroy wealth. There is thus an ongoing global debate on the effects of M&As on firms. This article seeks to explore the trends and progress in M&As India. Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1618272 MERGER & ACQUISITION IN INDIA: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY The phrase mergers and acquisitions (abbreviated M&A) refers to the aspect of corporate strategy, corporate finance and management dealing with the buying, selling and combining of different companies that can aid, finance, or help a growing company in a given industry grow rapidly without having to create another business entity. In business or economics a merger is a combination of two companies into one larger company. Such actions are commonly voluntary and involve stock swap or cash payment to the target. Stock swap is often used as it allows the shareholders of the two companies to share the risk involved in the deal. A merger can resemble a takeover but result in a new company name (often combining the names of the original companies) and in new branding; in some cases, terming the combination a â€Å"merger† rather than an acquisition is done purely for political or marketing reasons. Mergers may be broadly classified in (i) Horizontal mergers: A situation when two or more merging companies manufacture similar product in the same industry. (ii) Vertical mergers: A situation when two or more merging companies work at different stages of manufacture of a same product. (iii) Conglomerate mergers: A situation when two or more merging companies operate in different industries. The word acquisition, also known as a takeover or a buyout, is the buying of one company (the ‘target’) by another. An acquisition may be friendly or hostile. In the former case, the companies cooperate in negotiations; in the latter case, the takeover target is unwilling to be bought or the target’s board has no prior knowledge of the offer. Acquisition usually refers to a purchase of a smaller firm by a larger one. Sometimes, however, a smaller firm will acquire management control of a larger or longer established company and keep its name for the combined entity. This is known as a reverse takeover. Another type of acquisition is reverse merger, a deal that enables a private company to get publicly listed in a short time period. A reverse merger occurs when a private company that has strong prospects and is eager to raise financing buys a publicly listed shell company, usually one with no business and limited assets. Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1618272 Reasons for Merger and Acquisition †¢ Operating synergies: The uniting of two firms improve productivity or cut costs so that the unlevered cash flows of the combined firm exceed the combined unlevered cash flows of the individual firm †¢ A vertical merger between a supplier and a customer, eliminates various coordination and bargaining problems †¢ A horizontal merger between competitors, produces a less competitive product market and cost savings from combining R&D facilities and sales forces †¢ Financial synergies: Information and incentive problems may cause cashstarved firms to pass up positive NPV projects, but cash-rich firms to overinvest in negative NPV projects †¢ Conglomerates can use internal capital markets to transfer funds from negative NPV projects to positive NPV projects †¢ †¢ Enhance the flexibility of the organization Reduces bankruptcy risk Objectives In this article an attempt has been made (i) To examine the presence of trends and progress of M&As in Indian corporation. (ii) To analyze year-wise and industry-wise variance in number and amount of M&A deals. Hypotheses To cover the above objectives following hypotheses have been formulated: 1. There is no significant difference in number and amount of M&A deals in between years and between industries. 2. There is no significant difference between M&A progress in manufacturing and service sector Industry-wise Trends of M&As The industry-wise trends in number and amount of M&A deals between 2000 and 2007 are presented in the Table 1 and Table 2 and the industry-wise trends and progress of M&As have been analysed on this basis Food and Beverages: India is the world’s second largest producer of food next to China, and has the potential of being the biggest with the food and agricultural sector. The Indian food market is estimated at over US$ 182 billion, and accounts for about two thirds of the total Indian retail market. According to industry experts, the market for carbonated drinks in India is worth US$ 1.5 billion while the juice and juice-based drinks market accounts for US$ 0.25 billion. Growing at a rate of 25 per cent, the fruitdrinks category is one of the fastest growing in the beverages market. The Indian food processing industry plays a significant role in diversifaction of agriculture products, generates employment, enhances income of farmers and creates a surplus for export of agro-foods. The important reason of the M&A activity initiated in this industry are deregulation, restructuring disinvestment, restructuring by parent companies and presence of foreign players. Textiles Industry: Until the economic liberalization of Indian economy, the India Textile Industry was predominantly unorganized industry. The opening up of Indian economy post 1990s led to a stupendous growth of this industry. India Textile Industry is one of the largest textile industries in the world. Today, Indian economy is largely dependent on textile manufacturing and exports. India earns around 27% of the foreign exchange from exports of textiles. Further, India Textile Industry contributes about 14% of the total industrial production of India. Furthermore, its contribution to the gross domestic product of India is around 3% only. Textile Industry involves around 35 million workers directly and it accounts for 21% of the total employment generated in the economy. However the important reasons for the M&As in these sectors are: growth of power looms and handlooms sector at the cost of mill sector which has ultimately resulted in making them sick and unviable. This has led to an increase in the closure of mills; in addition, continued and persistent use of old plant and machinery has led to low profitability in the mill sector and thereby forcing some of mills to closedowns. Chemicals, Drugs and Pharmaceuticals: Under this category companies operating in the industrial groups of chemicals, drugs, pharmaceutical, cosmetics petrochemicals and rubbers have been taken into account for analyzing the trend and progress. The drug & pharmaceutical industry in India meets around 70% of the country’s demand for bulk drugs, drug intermediates, pharmaceutical formulations, chemicals, tablets, capsules, orals and injectibles. There are about 250 large Pharmaceuticals manufacturers and suppliers and about 8000 Small Scale Pharmaceutical & Drug Units which form the core of the pharmaceutical industry in India (including 5 Central Public Sector Units). These bulk drugs and pharmaceuticals manufacturers produce the complete range of pharmaceutical formulations i.e. medicines ready for consumption by patients and about 350 bulk drugs i.e. chemicals having therapeutic value and used for production of pharmaceutical formulations. Owing to a significant increase in Pharmaceuticals exports, India’s USD 3.1 billion pharmaceutical industries are growing at the rate of 14 percent per year. It is one of the largest and most advanced among the developing countries. Even the number of pharmaceuticals exporters, manufacturers and suppliers is increasing tremendously, the factors that contributed to increase in M&A activity in these sectors are: Introduction of the process Patent Act in 1970, which required Indian companies to recognize international process patents. This has given an opportunity for the Indian companies to grow. This growth is associated with M&As and the emergence of WTO has brought about fundamental changes in the pharmaceutical industry. Trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPS) of WTO require all Indian companies to comply with international patents. This has mainly happened in the form of M&As. Non–metallic Mineral Products: In this sector, cement and ceramics manufacturers are the primary players. The factors responsible for M&As are: before 1999 cement industry faced many problems like liquidity crisis, inadequate expenditure on infrastructure and costs of inputs. South-east Asian crisis brought narrowed profitability resulting to the bigger players withstanding the pressure of lower profitability and smaller and marginal players closing down or merging with big players and trying to appear favorable for a takeover. National Quadrilateral Road Project and State Government Policies to construct the irrigation projects could be other factors responsible for this boom. Basic Metal, Alloy and Steel: This is one of the oldest and traditional industry sectors in India. Companies operating in metals, alloy, steel and related concerns are grouped under this head. The factors contributing to M&As in this sector are: Slowdown of the economy during the year 1996-97, the capital markets, remaining depressed for the past couple of years, drying up sources of investment funds for industry, small and medium corporate finding it difficult to access institutional funds and export growth subjected to competitive pressure from imports. Information Technology and Telecom: Companies operating in the IT, Software, telecom and convergence sector are clubbed in industry, the central government has formed an independent department of information technology. Since the removal of restrictions on foreign capital investment and industrial de-licensing, India’s Telecom industry has shown large growth The Important factors for increasing M&As in this sector are: Consistent efforts were made by the department of telecom and its constituent organizations for upgrading and expanding the telecom networks and services and the Initiation of internet and web based developments and introduction of cell phone in India;. Automobiles and Automobile Ancillaries: Companies operating in automobile sector, locomotives, transport and spares have been included under this head. The Indian transport industry has been gradually playing a catalytic role for producing a wide variety of vehicles, passenger cars. Important factors responsible for an increase in M&As in this sector are: Globilalization is pushing global auto majors to consolidate, to upgrade technology, enlarge product range, access new markets and to cut costs. Competitive pressure and presence of global players have resulted in a number of M&As in this sector. Energy, Power, Gas and Oil: Companies operating in the field of energy, power, gas and oil are included in this group. Important factors responsible for an increase in M&As in this sector are, low rate of growth in power generation depressed the growth rate of industrial production and has necessitated immediate attention of big companies like Reliance Industries and due to unavailability of power and frequent disruptions have given an impetus to M&As in this sector..